Fats and oil
Fat and oils are the major part of the lipid.
Present in the adipose tissue of mammals.
Biostatistics notes Free website hits bp801t unit1
Fats and oils are Biostatistics notes bp801t unit1 esters of fatty acids and alcohol and on hydrolysisgives fatty acids and alcohol.fats and oils href="https://www.sigmatraffic.com?ref=130422">Free are mainly the gycerly ester of various fatty acid like palmitic,oleic,linoleic etc.
Fats are two types 1.simple 2.mixed
1.simple-when the three fatty acid of triglyceride are same or identical.
2.mixed-when the three fatty acid of triglyceride are different.
-Difference between fats and oil
Fats-1.fats are solid or semisolid at room temperature.
2.its contain large amount of saturated fatty acid.
3.fats melt at higher href="https://www.sigmatraffic.com?ref=130422">Free website hits temperature.
4.fats are animal fat.
5.fat does not contain double bond.
Oil-1.oil are liquid at room temperature.
2.it contain large u saturated fatty acid.
3.oil melt at low temp.
4.oil are vegetable fat.
5.oil have double bond.
-chemical reaction of fats and oils
1.hydrolydis
NAOH causes hydrolysis of fat and its result in the cleavage of ester linkage of fats and gi e glycerol and sodium salt of long chain fatty acids knows as soaps.
2.hydrogenation
When hydrogen is passed through oils under pressure and by using catlyst at high temperature oils gets converted into solid fats this process know as hardening of oils.
3.hydrogenolysis
This us cleavage reaction in which fat or oil molecule witj excess of hydrogen under pressure of copper-chromium
Catalyst. In this reaction fat and oil geta spilts up into glycerol and higher aliphatic alcohols.
4.soapnifucation
When hydrolysis of fats and oils is carried out bya using alkali loke caustive soda or potash,alkaline salt of fatty acids and glycerol are obtained. This process know as soapnifiaction.
5.rancidification
On long storage and in contact with air moisture and sunlight oils and fats undergo decompostion and starts smeeling unpleasent. This process know as rancidification.
-a)oxidation of unsaturated acids
In presence of light and moisture small amount of unsaturated acids present in fats and oils gets oxidised by air to form peroxide which further break down into aldehdes having unpleasent smell and taste.
6.Drying oil
Some glycerides of unsaturated acids having two or more double bond absorbs oxygen from air and get polymerised to from a hard transperent coting,which is used in making of paints and oil cloth.
2.hydrogenation
When hydrogen is passed through oils under pressure and by using catlyst at high temperature oils gets converted into solid fats this process know as hardening of oils.
3.hydrogenolysis
This us cleavage reaction in which fat or oil molecule witj excess of hydrogen under pressure of copper-chromium
Catalyst. In this reaction fat and oil geta spilts up into glycerol and higher aliphatic alcohols.
4.soapnifucation
When hydrolysis of fats and oils is carried out bya using alkali loke caustive soda or potash,alkaline salt of fatty acids and glycerol are obtained. This process know as soapnifiaction.
5.rancidification
On long storage and in contact with air moisture and sunlight oils and fats undergo decompostion and starts smeeling unpleasent. This process know as rancidification.
-a)oxidation of unsaturated acids
In presence of light and moisture small amount of unsaturated acids present in fats and oils gets oxidised by air to form peroxide which further break down into aldehdes having unpleasent smell and taste.
6.Drying oil
Some glycerides of unsaturated acids having two or more double bond absorbs oxygen from air and get polymerised to from a hard transperent coting,which is used in making of paints and oil cloth.